Gimesa stain is a nucleic acid stain named after the German scientist Gustav Giemsa. The stain is made stable by combining methylene azure with methylene blue to form an eosinate. It primarily binds to the phosphate groups of DNA, especially in regions with a high amount of adenine–thymine bonding. Moreover, it is used in CFU assays (colony formation assays) to analyze bacterial adhesion patterns, yielding insights into mechanisms like diffuse adhesion of E. coli on cell surfaces. 
CAS No.: 51811-82-6
Synonyms: Mixture of Azure II Eosinate & Methylene Blue; mancha de giemsa; tinción de giemsa; giemsa labe; tache de giemsa
| Physical Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C14H14ClN3S |
| IUPAC Name | 7-imino-N,N-dimethylphenothiazin-3-amine;hydrochloride |
| Molecular weight | 291.8 g/mol |
| Solubility | Soluble in Water & Ethanol |
| Flash point | 12°C |
| Density | 1.04 g/cm3 |
| Chemical Properties | |
| Colour | Dark Green to Black |
| State | Crystal or powder |
| Melting point | 300°C |
| Vapour Pressure | 97.68mm at 20°C |
| pH | 7 |
| Vapour density | 2.37 |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 10% (110°C) |
| Pictograms : |    |
| Hazard Statements : | H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapourH301+H311: Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skinH370: Causes damage to organsH318: Causes serious eye damage |
| Precautionary statements : | P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.P210: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames, and other ignition sources. No smoking.P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.P304+P312: IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.P352: Wash with plenty of water. |
Gimesa stain is a nucleic acid stain named after the German scientist Gustav Giemsa. The stain is made stable by combining methylene azure with methylene blue to form an eosinate. It primarily binds to the phosphate groups of DNA, especially in regions with a high amount of adenine–thymine bonding. Moreover, it is used in CFU assays (colony formation assays) to analyze bacterial adhesion patterns, yielding insights into mechanisms like diffuse adhesion of E. coli on cell surfaces.
CAS No.: 51811-82-6
Synonyms: Mixture of Azure II Eosinate & Methylene Blue; mancha de giemsa; tinción de giemsa; giemsa labe; tache de giemsa
| Physical Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C14H14ClN3S |
| IUPAC Name | 7-imino-N,N-dimethylphenothiazin-3-amine;hydrochloride |
| Molecular weight | 291.8 g/mol |
| Solubility | Soluble in Water & Ethanol |
| Flash point | 12°C |
| Density | 1.04 g/cm3 |
| Chemical Properties | |
| Colour | Dark Green to Black |
| State | Crystal or powder |
| Melting point | 300°C |
| Vapour Pressure | 97.68mm at 20°C |
| pH | 7 |
| Vapour density | 2.37 |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 10% (110°C) |
| Pictograms : | |
| Hazard Statements : | H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapourH301+H311: Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skinH370: Causes damage to organsH318: Causes serious eye damage |
| Precautionary statements : | P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.P210: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames, and other ignition sources. No smoking.P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.P304+P312: IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.P352: Wash with plenty of water. |
Giemsa stain is widely regarded as the world’s standard diagnostic technique for identifying Plasmodium, the parasite that causes malaria. It also serves as the basic stain for classifying lymphomas according to the Kiel classification.
Giemsa stain is made up of methylene blue, azure, and eosin, this is one of the most popular microscopic stains.
Giemsa stain is a differential stain. It is composed of eosin and azure, both of which are acidic dyes, and methylene blue, which is a basic dye.
A karyotype analysis typically involves arresting cells in mitosis and then staining the condensed chromosomes with Giemsa dye. This process highlights regions rich in Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) base pairs, resulting in distinctive dark bands.
